External Set-Up and Hold Times
Last Edit July 22, 2001
Case 2: When The Timing Specifications Are Worst-Case
For the case where the vendor has specified timing delays as worst-case,
the following procedures can be applied. Note that if the macro intrinsic
delays are specified as worst-case maximum, some means of computing the
worst-case minimum for the same operating conditions must exist.
Set-Up Time - Generic Equation
When computing the set-up time, it is desirable to assume that the data
propagation path delay is the worst-case maximum and that the clock path
propagation delay is a worst-case minimum for the operating conditions.
The generic equation is:
tsuexternal = tDmax
- tCmin + Tsumacromax
|
Hold Time - Generic Equation
When computing the hold time, it is desirable to assume that the data
propagation path delay is the worst-case minimum and that the clock path
propagation delay is a worst-case maximum for the operating conditions.
The generic equation is:
thexternal = tCmax
- tDmin + Thmacromax
|
Example - The AMCC BiCMOS Q14000 Series
The Q14000 Series has a complex arrangement of worst-case multipliers,
separating interface and internal and differentiating between the channelled
and channel-less arrays. For the Q14000 BiCMOS arrays, the data and clock
paths are broken down into the interface macro and its net (tDinput
or tCinput), and the internal macros and the nets
they drive (tD or tC). Both set-up and hold times
are specified as nominal for this array.
For the Q14000 Series and its dual multipliers, the external set-up and
hold time equations become:
Table 6-1 General Equations When Worst-Case Multipliers Are Used
tsuexternal for Q14000 BiCMOS
WCMmaxinterface * tDinput
+ WCMmaxcore * tD - WCMmininterface*
tCinput - WCMmincore*
tC + WCMmaxcore * Tsu(macro)
thexternal for Q14000 BiCMOS
WCMmaxinterface* tCinput
+ WCMmaxcore * tC - WCMmininterface*
tDinput - WCMmincore*
tD + WCMmaxcore * Th(macro)
|
Table 6-2 provides the external set-up and hold equations for
the Q14000 BiCMOS Series Arrays for four defined operating conditions,
MIL, COM5, COM4 and MIN, using the specified worst-case delay multipliers
specified for the array series for those conditions.
Note that, since these arrays specify nominal macro intrinsic set-up
and hold times, the worst-case time delay multipliers are applied to the
set-up and hold times as well as to the Tpd delays. This may not always
be the case. (Refer to the AMCC Q5000 and Q14000 Design Manuals.)
Table 6-2 Set-Up And Hold Equations BiCMOS Q14000 Series Arrays Q28000B,
Q14000B, Q6000B And Q800B Arrays
MILITARY
OPERATING
RANGE
MIL4
or
MIL5
|
tsuexternal = 1.70 * tDinput
+ 1.95 * tD - 1.40 * tCinput - 1.59
* tC + 1.95 * Tsu(macro)
thexternal = 1.70 * tCinput
+ 1.95 * tC - 1.40 * tDinput -
1.59 * tD + 1.95 * Th(macro)
|
COMMERCIAL
OPERATING
RANGE
COM5
|
tsuexternal = 1.55 * tDinput
+ 1.55 * tD - 1.27 * tCinput - 1.27
* tC + 1.55 * Tsu(macro)
thexternal = 1.55 * tCinput
+ 1.55 * tC - 1.27 * tDinput -
1.27 * tD + 1.55 * Th(macro)
|
COMMERCIAL
OPERATING
RANGE
COM4
|
tsuexternal = 1.55 * tDinput
+ 1.75 * tD - 1.27 * tCinput - 1.43
* tC + 1.75 * Tsu(macro)
thexternal = 1.55 * tCinput
+ 1.75 * tC - 1.27 * tDinput -
1.43 * tD + 1.75 * Th(macro)
|
MINIMUM
|
tsuexternal = 0.86 * (tD + tDinput)
- 0.70 * (tC + tCinput) + 0.86 *
Tsu(macro)
thexternal = 0.86 * (tC + tCinput)
- 0.70 * (tD + tDinput) 0.86 *
Th(macro)
|
These equations are for the channelless arrays, those designed with a
sea-of-gates or sea-of-cells architecture. (Refer to the AMCC Q14000 Design
Manual for the equations for the other arrays in the series that are channelled.)
Which Equations Should be Used?
For external set-up time, use the following as a guideline:
- Use the MILITARY or COMMERCIAL equations for external set-up time
when
( tD + tDinput) - 0.82 * (tC
+ tCinput) > 0.
- Use the MINIMUM equations for external set-up time when
(tD + tDinput) - 0.82 * (tC
+ tCinput) < 0.
For external hold time, use the following as a guideline:
- Use the MILITARY or COMMERCIAL equations for external hold time when
(tC + tCinput) - 0.82 * (tD
+ tDinput) > 0.
- Use the MINIMUM equations for external hold time when
(tC + tCinput) - 0.82 * (tD
+ tDinput) < 0.
.
|